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| # | 英语 | 汉语 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | approbation | 认可，批准(approval or agreement) ad-"to"+probare "try, test"(to find if it is good) | |
| 22 | probate | n./v. 遗嘱认证（检验）；核实遗嘱 probatum->porbare "to test, prove" | |
| 23 | probity | 绝对诚实；正直 probitatem "uprightness, honesty"<-probus "worthy, good" | |
| 24 | reprobate | a.不道德的；n. 道德败坏者，恶棍 reprobare, re-(表示reversal)+probare "approve"->reprobat-"disapproved" | |
| 25 | grave | a. (人)严肃庄重的， 表情沉重的；(形势、感情)严重的、重大的 gravis "heavy, serious" | |
| 26 | gravitas | n. 严肃，庄重(syn. seriousness) from gravis "serious" | |
| 27 | gravitate | 被吸引到；受吸引而转向gravitas "heaviness, weight" <-gravis "heavy", "be affected by gravity"->(引申)->"be strongly attracted to , have a natural tendency toward" | |
| 28 | aggravate | 使严重；使恶化，(故意)激怒，惹怒 <-aggravare<-ad-"to"(表示increase)+gravis "heavy" | |
| 29 | alleviate | 减轻，缓和，缓解 alleviat-<-alleviare <-ad-"to"+levare "raise", influenced by levis"light" | |
| 30 | elevation | 海拔；提高；升高；晋升 elevation(n-)<-elevare"raise"<-e-(ex-的变体)“out, away”+levare "lighten" | |
| 31 | cantilever | 悬臂，悬桁(heng2) cant (1. Scottish "slope, slant"; 2. Spanish "dog")+ lever"to raise"<- levis "light" | |
| 32 | levity | (syn. frivolity) 轻浮；轻佻 from L. levitas <-levis "light" | |
| 33 | cicerone | (名胜处的)导游；西塞罗（古罗马政治家，雄辩家，著作家等） | |
| 34 | hector | （syn. bully）威吓；威逼<-英国内战(1642-51)后，伦敦一帮派名<-特洛伊王子赫克托 | |
| 35 | hedonism | 享乐主义 <-GK. hedone"pleasure"+ism"表明a practice, system, doctrine, etc." | |
| 36 | nestor | 业内德高望重的长者<-Iliad中，Pylos（派罗斯，希腊西南港市）国王，最年长最有经验者（明智而慷慨地给年轻人建议） | |
| 37 | spartan | 简朴的，清苦的，斯巴达式的，自律克己的<-斯巴达人以此及尚武著称 | |
| 38 | stentorian | 洪亮的 GK. Stenein "groan, moan"，与OE punor "thunder"同源自PIE (s)ten-; Stentor:特洛伊战争中的希腊传令官，一人声音抵50人 | |
| 39 | stoic | a./n. 坚韧克己者(极类玄奘)；坦然面对痛苦（困难）者 Zeno(齐)芝诺创立的希腊哲学学派。Stoa "Colonnade, corridor", repressing feelings & endure or enduring patiently | |
| 40 | sybaritic | /,sibə'ritik/贪图享乐的；骄奢淫逸的 Sybaris(L.) 希腊古城锡巴里斯，以骄奢淫逸闻名，后被弱敌灭国<-GK. Sybarities |