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| # | 英语 | 汉语 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | semantics | the subject contain ning the study of meaning is called semantics | |
| 2 | conceptual meaning | 概念意义 | |
| 3 | denotation | involves the relationship between a linguistic unit and the non -linguistic entity(非语言实体) to which it refers，即外延 | |
| 4 | connotation | means the properties of the entity a word denotes，即内涵 | |
| 5 | social meaning | such as→ home， residence， adobe， domicile | |
| 6 | affective meaning | 天真无邪的(褒义)，幼稚的(贬义) | |
| 7 | reflect meaning | such as，禁忌语四→死，说到四会下意识反射地联系到“死” | |
| 8 | collocative meaning | such as， handsome 搭配boy和car， a handsome woman指的也会是健美的女人，也就是“通常搭配某类词而具有的意义” | |
| 9 | thematic meaning | 在 人踢狗 中，狗是宾语，在 狗被人踢 中，狗是主语(主要看某个词语在句子中的位置所呈现出来的意义重要性，因此主位意义是外围的 ) | |
| 10 | referential theory | 指称论 |