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| # | 英语 | 汉语 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Imperialism | A policy by which stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations economically, politically, or militarily; also called expansionism. | |
| 2 | Annexation | Addition of a new territory to an existing country. | |
| 3 | most-favored nation | Trade status granting a nation the same trading privileges as other nations. | |
| 4 | banana republic | A Central American country in the early 1900s that depended upon banana exports and whose politics and economy were dominated by American business. | |
| 5 | sphere of influence | Area of economic control exerted by a foreign power, especially in China during the late 1800s | |
| 6 | Open Door policy | United States efforts to develop a trade relationship with China in the late 1800s to early 1900s; urged European nations with spheres of influence in China to not restrict trade in those areas. | |
| 7 | William Randolph Hearst | Newspaper publisher from 1887 until his death in 1951; used "yellow journalism" in the 1890s to stir up public sentiment in favor of the Spanish-American War. | |
| 8 | Joseph Pulitzer | Early 1900s newspaper publisher; used "yellow journalism" to stir up public sentiment in favor of the Spanish-American War. | |
| 9 | Roosevelt Corollary | Extension of the Monroe Doctrine by president Theodore Roosevelt whereby the United States would use force to prevent other foreign powers from intervening in the affairs of Western Hemisphere countries. | |
| 10 | dollar diplomacy | Policy of increasing United States investments abroad to keep foreign societies stable; adopted by President William Howard Taft in the early 1900s. | |
| 11 | paradox of power | Combination of contradictory attitudes toward a powerful country. | |
| 12 | social welfare program | Government program that helps ensure a basic standard of living; includes unemployment, accident, and health insurance and social security programs. | |
| 13 | Muckraker | Journalist of the late 1800s to early 1900s who tried to alert the public to alleged wrongdoing by politicians and big business. | |
| 14 | direct primary | Election system in which voters rather than political bosses select nominees for elections. | |
| 15 | Bull Moose party | Name for the Progressive party, organized to run Theodore Roosevelt for President in 1912. | |
| 16 | Carrie Chapman Catt | Woman suffrage leader in the early 1900s; headed the National American Woman Suffrage Association. | |
| 17 | Central Powers | Combination of Germany and Austria-Hungary in World War I; opponents of the Allies. | |
| 18 | Allies | The combination of Russia, France, Great Britain and later the United States in World War I; opponents of the Central Powers. | |
| 19 | Kaiser Wilhelm | Emperor of Germany during World War I; symbol to the United States of German militarism. | |
| 20 | U-boat | Submarine of the German navy; introduced during World War I. |